Which term describes a group of organisms interacting with their environment as a unit?

An ecosystem is defined as a dynamic complex of living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, interacting with each other as well as their physical environment, such as soil, water, and climate. This interaction within an ecosystem encompasses not only the organisms themselves but also the abiotic factors that influence their survival and reproduction. The concept of an ecosystem highlights the interconnectedness of life forms and their environment, illustrating how each organism plays a role in nutrient cycling, energy flow, and overall ecological balance. In essence, an ecosystem represents a holistic view of biological communities and their environment functioning as a cohesive unit.

In contrast, a community refers specifically to the interactions among various populations of different species within a certain area, but it does not include the abiotic factors. A habitat denotes the physical environment type in which an organism or species lives, while a niche describes the specific role or function of an organism within its ecosystem, including its interactions with other organisms and its environment. Therefore, ecosystem is the most comprehensive term for a unit of organisms interacting with their environment.