What is the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability?

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability is well-documented in ecological studies. When biodiversity is high, it typically means that there are a wide variety of species, each contributing unique functions and roles within that ecosystem. This variety enhances the ecosystem's resilience—the ability to recover from disturbances such as natural disasters, climate change, or human activities.

A diverse array of species can exploit different resources, occupy various niches, and provide a buffer against environmental changes. For example, if one species is impacted by a disease or a change in conditions, other species may continue to thrive and fulfill essential roles, preventing a collapse of the ecosystem. Thus, ecosystems that are rich in biodiversity are often more stable and capable of maintaining their functions compared to those with lower biodiversity.

This principle underlines the importance of conserving biodiversity to support healthy and functioning ecosystems, which in turn benefit human well-being through services such as clean air, water, and food resources. Therefore, recognizing the positive impact of higher biodiversity on ecosystem stability and resilience is crucial for effective ecological management and conservation practices.