What does sulphur dioxide dissolve in rainwater to form?

Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) reacts with water in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄). This process occurs when sulphur dioxide dissolves in rainwater, leading to the formation of sulfurous acid (H₂SO₃), which can subsequently be oxidized to form sulphuric acid. This reaction is significant in the context of acid rain, where the presence of sulphuric acid contributes to the heightened acidity of precipitation, impacting ecosystems, water quality, and infrastructure.

Understanding the relevance of sulphuric acid is crucial, especially considering its role in environmental pollution and its implications for natural habitats and human health. The presence of acid rain can lead to soil degradation, harm aquatic life in lakes and streams, and contribute to the corrosion of buildings and monuments.