How is sulphur dioxide (SO2) primarily produced?

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is primarily produced through the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas. When these fuels are combusted, the sulfur contained in them reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere to form SO2. This process is significant because the combustion of fossil fuels is a major source of energy in power plants, industrial activities, and transportation. As a result, large quantities of sulphur dioxide are released into the atmosphere, contributing to air pollution and having various environmental impacts, including acid rain formation.

While volcanic activity can also release sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere, its contribution is relatively small compared to the emissions from fossil fuel combustion on a global scale. Photosynthesis does not produce sulphur dioxide; instead, plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Industrial waste can contain sulphur compounds, but the primary production of SO2 is predominantly linked to the combustion of fossil fuels. Thus, the significant and widespread production of sulphur dioxide is primarily a result of burning fossil fuels.